Fastening device



May 23, 19.50 M. J. MARTY, sR., ET AL. 2,508,616

FASTENING DEVICE Filed Feb. 7, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ill IJIIIIIA BY /Yzr Ji W- INVENTOR. j MQZZ/JMO) J);

1950 M. J. MARTY, sR., EI'AL 2,508,616

FASTENING DEVICE Filed Feb. 7, 1944 2 Sheets-Shet 2 L 57 2Q W Wow/ fiat'ented May 23, l96

FASTENING DEVICE Mathew J. Marty, Sn, and Mathew J Marty, Jr Ghicago, 111.; said Marty, Jr., assignor to said Marty, Sr.

Application February 7, 1944, Serial No. 521,328

4 Claims. (Cl. 24-221) The present invention relates to a fastening deyice and more particularly to a fastening device for detachably securing two parts together. The invention is particularly adapted for use for detachably securing two plates or panel members together, for example, the cowling of airplanes and other parts thereof.

In a prior application of Mathew J. Marty, Sn, one of the present joint applicants, Serial No. 450,388, filed July 10, 1940, and which eventuated "in Patent No. 2,337,483, December 21, 1943, there is disclosed a fastening device comprising a rotatable fastening element adapted to be associated with a detachable panel or part having a shank portion extending through an opening in the panel provided therefor. The shank portion is provided with an enlarged head at one end and a pin extending transversely of the longitudinal axis of the shank at its other end. A second or nonrotatable fastening element of a character adapted to be engaged by the rotatable element to be interlocked therewith upon rotation of the latter is disposed within a housing or carrier jinember which is secured to the other plate or part. In the airplane art this would constitute a stationary or fixed frame member of the airplane. The second fastening element is confined within the housing or carrier member against rotation but is free to move longitudinally of the axis of the shank of the rotatable element. A spring element or other resilient means is also disposed within the housing and confined therein against rotation. The present invention is in the nature of an improvement over the device of the application referred to and is concerned with the provision of a suitable carrier member for detachably mounting the nonrotatable fastening element and the spring means for biasing the two parts to be secured together in the interlocked position of the fastening elements. We have found that by reason of the frequent removal of the cowlings of'airplanes or the like that the locking means of the nonrotatable element and the spring are frequently destroyed so that the looking or fastening means becomes ineffective.

F It is an object of our invention therefore to provide a fastening device of the character above noted which incorporates a novel arrangement of the nonrotatable fastening element with a panel or the like providing for removal of the nonrotatable fastening element and the spring means for biasing the parts togeher.

In our present invention we have provided a 'novel form of spring means having a portion which is adapted to overliethe 'nonrotatableor stationary fastening element, which, in the present disclosure comprises a stepped cam member, with this portion of the spring being formed to act as a throwout means when the rotatable fastening element is in its non-engaged position with respect to the nonrotatable fastening element.

The spring member is further formed with resilient arm member which normally is posispection or replacement.

A further feature of our invention lies in th provision'of a novel form of rotatable fastening element which comprises a shank member slotted at one end thereof to receive a locking member and having locking means providing for the positioning of the locking element to dispose the locking means thereof in different positions with respect to the slotted end of the shank. By adjusting the position of the locking member relativeto the shank it may be readily adapted for detachably securing panels of different thicknesses to each other. The locking member is formed with cylindrical projections which preferably extend laterally of its axis of rotation in the shank of the rotatable fastening means, and in nonintersecting relation with respect to this axis so that the locking-member may be positioned to bring the cylindrical projections at either one of two distances from the adjacent slotted end of the shank member. A set screw is suitably asso- "ciated with the shank member to retain the lock ing member in fixed position with respect to the shank member. Other objects and advantages will appear from the detail description.

- It will be understood that the invention is applicable for use in instances other than airplane cowlings, but it is particularly useful in this field and hence it will be understood that the following description is only illustrative of one application of the invention.

Now, in order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of constructing and operating a device in accordance with the teachings of our invention, we shall disclose in connection with the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the same. a r r T In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view through the several parts of the fastenin device of the present invention in spaced apart and disassembled relation, with the spring means thereof shown in perspective, and showing a pair of platemembers in section which are adapted to be detachably secured together by the fastening device herein disclosed} Figure 2 is a bottom view of the fastening device of our invention;

Figure 3 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken substantially on line 3-3 of Fi ure 2 looking in the direction indicated by th arrows;

Figure 4 is a detail vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 44 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Figure 5 is a bottom view illustrating the manner in which the nonrotatable fastening means and spring means of the invention are inserted in a retainin member thereie carrie b em: 9;

the pane s;

Fi ure 67 a s et e ia view aken su stantiall on t e i e :6 of re .2 mi kin ii th d e? tieii ind cated by the ar ows; and

u e s a s cti na iew imi r t igu e 3 but showing the fastening device of our invention as. it may e us d n se ur n two anels t geth of differ n ckne se han the tens e. she n Fi u e 3.

n res 1 th ou h 6 ii he drawin s We ha e s ow a pai f ate members er panels 1.5. and l wh h are ada t d to e slei qhfibly secured t e h r b e f tening means [I 9? our present nv ntien- Fe ur pses i thi 1.1%,- cles ire, t e st nin m an l w ll be eaf? he in connection with the cowling of an airgl a ne. and t will ,be iin ei ioq that. the late et n it. compr ses r rep es nt t e teii eh e eewlineand th p ate mem r o P rt fisqmp ie a pe v tion of the airplane to which the. e wling i adapted to. be mevab ali eehedi w The a e in devie i eemp ses a otatable iast niiie me ns Hi hav n a shank l?! at e see i whi enlar d operatin h ad 2 i time? with a screw dr ver Ke r 2! or rece n 5 SETS??? d i er te rotate the same A: lettin member 2? aea ied't e receiv d Qiieeiiie. the sle t end 23 a the nd the hekel? .1? opposite he nlar ed head 1. A steel 2 eateiiiis transv rse h lee iii jmel. 9? i han Port 1.9. be ween the. e t ii'ieei ee. e iii iiis he e 23 to i iriiii ev an axi 91? teieiiee $9 the etti emb r 2.2. wh h es h e??? n ted. ii eiie' t ans er ely of west i ht es e t9 the eiie i iie a i Q ii 'shaakise locking member 22 isformed wettest o'fcyl'indrical projections 25' which in the assembled position of the locking member 22 in the slot 23 of the shank extend laterally of the rotatable axis for the member 22 as defined by thestud 24L As before noted the projections 25 are of cylindrical configuration and it will be observed from an examination of Figure 1 that the axes of the projections 25 extend substantially at right angles to and in non-intersecting relation with the axis of rotation of the locking member 22. The shank member 19 is formed with a threaded bore 26 extending coaxially of its longitudinal axis through the kerf 2| in the enlarged head portion 22 and opens into the closed end of slot 23. set sc ew 21 is dap ed t have h eadi en: gagement with th threaded bore 25 of the shank and the inner end of the set screw 21 retains the locking member 22 in fixed posltionewith respegt 4 to the shank. It will be observed that the looking member 22 may be positioned so that the longitudinal axes of the cylindrical projections 25 lie to either side of the rotational axis as defined by the stud 24 for the locking member 22 to provide two positions for the cylindrical projections with respect to the ends of the shank H3. The rotatable fastening means [8 is adapted to be assembled with the panel l5 by inserting the shank member l9 through a suitable opening 28 provided therein after which the locking member 22 is positioned within the slot 23 of the shank and the stud 24 inserted and its end peened or spread to secure the locking member in the slot. The locking member 22, except when held in a fixed position bymeans of the set screws 21, may be rotated about the stud 24. The slot 23 is of sumcient length to permit full 360 rotation of locking member 22 when the set screw is withdrawn from the slot. It will be observed that the enar ei head 29 i the sine l?! s piei'ieec wit a tapered s ce w i h, ir ads #9 he aper o hat he inief i ised ,iii tiq s the asa- 1. 5 mea s ii iii it, the ie ii i wi ie fliiisi with the ster l4fl e; e a d Preferably, the cylindrical pr ectigns 25 are of a length. s that as will be sleei' r iiiii ies and th ir iiiei'ee heiress the ed he le 28 te med i the. cane; It to n rms- 1y ta nv reiatatie iasteiiiiie i ssem es rele with he. tenet,

ii second r nei-getetabie iestee iie nee. 5?? c m ise a s ate we be; 3!- heiie PP -e .5 1. free; w ieh ii meti' eallv QQPQSZQCI shit 3% e 5 n t es Th Pirate iie i t r '3' e eeta ie ie eeiifieeraiip i as ,..e e. P ait and ada t d to be i o e, a arrie me b r Q-l .,,eniier ii re est r M at me ems't 9, the date ne the 5' wi h iessee e t e e iiii i m mberv3.1- u

T e arri rmeiiil iet Bleeiri iises a. veilqi. eel: aileie neseiiiianse m bers 39' at amete-e ges 9f th eeiit a p rtion ther n The flan es i9 1 l0RPQd its. isivreeeiv ne the plat member: 31 and theseiiie ill- .4 iiai of eiise ten i e eeitiei s 4! a ifei ii e nie:

e he eei e clfii see ed. to s eiiie. the carrier me iiher 3! tea nel "5- The iii-Fest teneiie or ons. 5 seats. the e iit alne tisn 5? H0111 h asii'aeents rie e t he eesl h c n a when. 9 he. ee ii ei iiieeih t is farmed with. a siihsta ,n .llv eireuiar neeiiis. Q8 i ns extend d me r ca ly QPHQ li slu 5.0., the. circu ar ope in 418 and slots libeliis iii charact r toi ermi in e than 25. th l and lockin iei h r 22w hei hreiish,

The spr meen fill eoinnrises a, pa r oi. aim memb rs 2 and 5.3 wh h extend siibsta itlailx at right angles to end-wall 54;. The arm in mhers 2 an 53 i t assembl si-nesit ii i i th sprin wi h the l tting late. 2 i th erie-ti iii mber 3! lie betw en. the nleteinee t i", 3!. and

the central portion 41 of the carrier member and extend lengthwise in the same direction as the flanges 39 of the carrier member. The arms 52 and 53 are curved preferably in a singledirection with the concave surfaces thereof adjacent. the surface of the central portion 41 of the carrier member. In normal position, the arm members 52 and 53 are spaced from each other a distance substantially equal to the distance between the opposed flanges 39 so that the spring means 40 may be positioned therebetween.

The spring means 40 is further provided with an arcuate arm member 55 which extends from the other edge of end wall 40 at the end thereof adjacent arm member 53. In the assembled position of the plate member 3| with the spring means 40, the arcuate arm member 55 overlies one of the stepped cams of one of the flanges 35 of the plate member. The arcuate arm 55 is formed with end stop elements 53 and 51, with the end element 56 extending in a direction toward the panel l6 and with the end element 51 extending in a direction away from the panel I6. These end elements are designed so that they are at the high ends of the stepped cams and serve to prevent the projections 25 of the locking member 22 from riding off the stepped cams.

The locking plate 3| is carried between the arm members 52 and 53, and the arcuate arm member 55 of thespring means 49. As shown in Figures 1 through 6, the arm member 52 is provided with an end element 60 extending in a direction away from the panel l6. Referring now to Figure it will be seen that the spring means 40 and the locking plate 3| are assembled in the carrier member 31 by positioning of the arm member 52 with the outer edge thereof engaging the inner edge of one of the flanges 39 of the carrier member 31, and by sliding the assembly of the spring means 43 and locking plate 3|, with opposite edges of the latter in the channels formed by flanges 39 and arm member 53 in the channel of the flange 39 opposite the flange engaged by arm member 52, rectilinearly until the end element 50 of the arm 52 reaches the end of its associated flange member 39 whereupon it snaps into the position shown in Figure 2. In this position it will engage the adjacent end of its associated flange member 39 and together with the end wall 54 prevents sliding movement of the spring and plate member 3| in either direction in the carrier member 31. When it is desired to remove the plate member and spring, the end 80 of the arm member 52 is grasped forcing the arm 52 inwardly to a position freeing it from its associated flange 39 so that the spring member and plate member 3| may be removed by sliding movement from the carrier member 31.

It will be observed from Figure 5 that the slots 50 extending from the central opening 49 of the carrier member 31 and the slots 33 extending from the central opening 32 of the locking plates 3| are arranged so that the are in alignment enabling insertion of the shank I9 and the cylindrical Projections 25 of the locking member 22 in position to engage the lowermost portion of the stepped cams formed in the edges of the flanges 35. With the parts arranged as described, the projections 25 may be disposed in interlocked relation with respect to the stepped cams of the plate member 35 by rotating the rotatable fastening elements H3 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 2.

In the preferred form of our invention the arcuate arm portion 55 of the spring is bowed ma direction so that the end thereof adjacent the stop element 51 overlies one of the slots 33 of the locking plate 3|. In removing the removable panel l5 from the stationary panel Hi, the spring acts to throw out the rotatable element 8 when the latter is rotated so that the projections 25 thereof are brought into alignment with the opposed slots 33 of the plate member 3|. In this manner the arcuate spring 55 acts as a throw-out spring to position the rotatable fastening means in disengaged position with respect to the stepped cams of plate member 3|.

With the rotatable fastening element assembled with the panel l5 as described, and with the plate member 3| and spring means 40 disposed inthe carrier member 31, as described, it will be seen that the panels l5 and I3 may be detachably secured together by inserting the shank portion l9 and locking element 22 through the openings provided therefor in the panel IS, the central portion 41 of the carrier member and the platemember 3|. Then by forcing the rotatable fastening means I8 inwardly and rotating it, the cylindrical projections 25 of the locking member 22 may be caused to engage in any of the several notches of the stepped cams of the flanges 35 of the plate member 3| When the cylindrical projections 25 of the locking member 22 are engaged with any of the notches of the stepped cam, the spring arm members 52 and 53 of the spring means are compressed by movement of the plate member 3| toward the panel IS. The plurality of notches provided in the stepped cams of the plate member 3| accommodates the application of the fastening device of the present invention to panels of varying thicknesses.

It will be observed that the plate member 3| and the spring means 40 are restrained by the carrier member 31 against rotation and that the plate member 3| moves axially of the longitudinal axis of the shank l9 of the rotatable fastening means 18 upon interlocking of the latter with the cams of plate member 3|. The plate member 3| and spring means 40 are not mechanically fixed to any other part, so that if either the spring means or the plate member 3|, or both, should fail they may be readily removed in the manner described and replaced. The carrier member 31 is adapted to be permanently secured to the panel l6, and since it is not subject to wear, the invention has particular utility in airplane construction in that both fastening means may be repaired or replaced without removing any rivets from structural members of an airplane. In prior devices certain of the parts of the fastening devices or housings therefor are fixed by rivets to light metal structural members in which removal of the rivets frequently causes runs. Also, the carrier member 31 may be constructed of aluminum or other light material since it is not subjected to wear, and hence the fastening device of the present invention is efl'ective in reducing the overall weight of an airplane.

Referring now to Figure 7, it will be observed that the fastening device has been shown as utilized with a panel or part I5 of less thickness than the panel l8 of the previously described embodiment of our invention. In this adaptation of our invention, the locking member 22 has-been rotated degrees about its stud 24 to position the cylindrical projections 25 closer to the operating head 23 of the rotatable fastening means 18 to compensate for the thinner plate member Hi. In other respects the drawings of Figure 7 is the same as that shown in Figure 3.

While we have shown what we consider to be the preferred embodiment of our invention, it will be understood that various modifications and rearrangements may be made therein without departing from the scope of our invention.

We claim:

l. A fastening means, of the character described comprising a shank member, alocking element, means associated with said shank member and said locking elementfor rotatably mounting said locking element adjacent one end of said shank member about an axis extending transversely of and intersecting the longitudinal axis of saidshank, said locking element having substantially cylindrical locking projections the axes of which extend at substantially right angles to and in non-intersecting relation with said axis of said locking, element.

2. The fastening means of claim 1 characterized by the provision of means associatedwith said shank member for retaining the locking element in a fixed position with respect to the shank member.

3. A fastening device of the character described comprising a shank member slotted at one end thereof, a locking element, a stud extending transversely of the longitudinal axis oi said shank member through the slotted end thereof providing an axis of rotation for the locking element, said: locking element being formed with substantially cylindrical projections 352 .thelongitudinal axes of which extend at right angles to and in non-intersecting relation with respect to said, axis of said locking element fl. A fastening device of the character described comprising a shank member slotted at one endthereof, a locking element, a stud extending transversely of the longitudinal axis of saidshank member through the slotted end thereof providing an axis of rotation for the locking element, said locking element being formed with substantially cylindrical projections the longie tudinal' axes of which extended at rightv angles to and in non-intersecting relation with respect to the rotational axis of said locking element, and a set screw threadedly associated with the shank member. coaxially of its longitudinal axis at its end opposite its slotted. end for engaging .the locking element to retain it in a fixed position.

MATHEW J. MARTY, SR. MATHEW J. MARTY, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PA'IENTS 

